About dementia
There are many types of dementia, and everyone is affected differently. In this area, you can learn more about dementia
Have a question?
We've answered some of the most common questions about dementia, what is it, how to live with dementia and the support that is there for people who are newly diagnosed in Wiltshire.
What is dementia?
Dementia is a word used to describe a group of symptoms including memory loss, confusion and difficulties with thinking, problem-solving and language. It happens when the brain is damaged by diseases such as Alzheimer's or by strokes.
Find out more in our What is Dementia pages
Is dementia normal ageing or just a 'bad memory'?
No. It's normal to become a little forgetful as we get older, and to take longer to learn new skills. But dementia is different. It cases memory and thinking problems that affect everyday life, like getting lost in familiar places, and it is progressive, so it will get worse over time.
What are the most common types of dementia?
The main types are:
- Alzheimer’s disease (60-70% of cases)
- Vascular dementia (20% of cases)
- Dementia with Lewy bodies (10-15%)
- Frontotemporal dementia
- Mixed dementia (where there is a combination of causes)
See our Types of Dementia pages for more information.
What is Alzheimer's disease and how is it different from dementia?
Alzheimer’s disease is the most common cause of dementia. Dementia is the general term for the symptoms, and Alzheimer’s is one disease that leads to those symptoms.
What are the early signs of dementia?
Early signs include: memory loss, getting confused about time or place, struggling to find the right words, changes in mood or behaviour, and difficulty with everyday tasks such as making a cup of tea.
Does everyone with memory problems have dementia?
No. Memory problems and confusion can be caused by stress, anxiety, depression, infections, nutrient deficiencies or the side effects of medicines. Only a doctor can assess whether it may be dementia.
What causes dementia?
Dementia is caused by diseases or injuries that damage brain cells. Age, genetics, poor heart health, high blood pressure, diabetes, smoking and lack of exercise can increase risk.
Is dementia hereditary?
For most people, dementia is not inherited. Some rare types can run in families, but this is unusual.
Can younger people develop dementia?
Yes. Although most people with dementia are over 65, younger people can develop it too. This is called young-onset dementia.
What is the difference between mild cognitive impairment and dementia?
MCI means having memory or thinking problems that are greater than normal ageing, but not severe enough to be dementia, and the problems are not usually progressive. Some people with MCI develop dementia, but not all do.
Can animals get dementia?
Yes. Pets such as dogs and cats can develop a condition similar to dementia, often called “cognitive dysfunction syndrome.” If you’re worried about your pet, it’s best to speak with a vet.